2610. Convert an Array Into a 2D Array With Conditions

Description

You are given an integer array nums. You need to create a 2D array from nums satisfying the following conditions:

  • The 2D array should contain only the elements of the array nums.
  • Each row in the 2D array contains distinct integers.
  • The number of rows in the 2D array should be minimal.

Return the resulting array. If there are multiple answers, return any of them.

Note that the 2D array can have a different number of elements on each row.

 

Example 1:

Input: nums = [1,3,4,1,2,3,1]
Output: [[1,3,4,2],[1,3],[1]]
Explanation: We can create a 2D array that contains the following rows:
- 1,3,4,2
- 1,3
- 1
All elements of nums were used, and each row of the 2D array contains distinct integers, so it is a valid answer.
It can be shown that we cannot have less than 3 rows in a valid array.

Example 2:

Input: nums = [1,2,3,4]
Output: [[4,3,2,1]]
Explanation: All elements of the array are distinct, so we can keep all of them in the first row of the 2D array.

 

Constraints:

  • 1 <= nums.length <= 200
  • 1 <= nums[i] <= nums.length

Solutions

Solution 1: Array or Hash Table

We use an array or hash table $cnt$ to count the number of occurrences of each element in the array $nums$.

Then we traverse the $cnt$ array, add $x$ to the $0$th row, the $1$st row, the $2$nd row, …, the ($cnt[x]-1$)th row of the answer list.

Finally, return the answer list.

The time complexity is $O(n)$ and the space complexity is $O(n)$, where $n$ is the length of the array $nums$.

Python Code
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class Solution:
    def findMatrix(self, nums: List[int]) -> List[List[int]]:
        cnt = Counter(nums)
        ans = []
        for x, v in cnt.items():
            for i in range(v):
                if len(ans) <= i:
                    ans.append([])
                ans[i].append(x)
        return ans

Java Code
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class Solution {
    public List<List<Integer>> findMatrix(int[] nums) {
        List<List<Integer>> ans = new ArrayList<>();
        int n = nums.length;
        int[] cnt = new int[n + 1];
        for (int x : nums) {
            ++cnt[x];
        }
        for (int x = 1; x <= n; ++x) {
            int v = cnt[x];
            for (int j = 0; j < v; ++j) {
                if (ans.size() <= j) {
                    ans.add(new ArrayList<>());
                }
                ans.get(j).add(x);
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }
}

C++ Code
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class Solution {
public:
    vector<vector<int>> findMatrix(vector<int>& nums) {
        vector<vector<int>> ans;
        int n = nums.size();
        vector<int> cnt(n + 1);
        for (int& x : nums) {
            ++cnt[x];
        }
        for (int x = 1; x <= n; ++x) {
            int v = cnt[x];
            for (int j = 0; j < v; ++j) {
                if (ans.size() <= j) {
                    ans.push_back({});
                }
                ans[j].push_back(x);
            }
        }
        return ans;
    }
};

Go Code
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func findMatrix(nums []int) (ans [][]int) {
	n := len(nums)
	cnt := make([]int, n+1)
	for _, x := range nums {
		cnt[x]++
	}
	for x, v := range cnt {
		for j := 0; j < v; j++ {
			if len(ans) <= j {
				ans = append(ans, []int{})
			}
			ans[j] = append(ans[j], x)
		}
	}
	return
}

TypeScript Code
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function findMatrix(nums: number[]): number[][] {
    const ans: number[][] = [];
    const n = nums.length;
    const cnt: number[] = new Array(n + 1).fill(0);
    for (const x of nums) {
        ++cnt[x];
    }
    for (let x = 1; x <= n; ++x) {
        for (let j = 0; j < cnt[x]; ++j) {
            if (ans.length <= j) {
                ans.push([]);
            }
            ans[j].push(x);
        }
    }
    return ans;
}