1856. Maximum Subarray Min-Product

Description

The min-product of an array is equal to the minimum value in the array multiplied by the array's sum.

  • For example, the array [3,2,5] (minimum value is 2) has a min-product of 2 * (3+2+5) = 2 * 10 = 20.

Given an array of integers nums, return the maximum min-product of any non-empty subarray of nums. Since the answer may be large, return it modulo 109 + 7.

Note that the min-product should be maximized before performing the modulo operation. Testcases are generated such that the maximum min-product without modulo will fit in a 64-bit signed integer.

A subarray is a contiguous part of an array.

 

Example 1:

Input: nums = [1,2,3,2]
Output: 14
Explanation: The maximum min-product is achieved with the subarray [2,3,2] (minimum value is 2).
2 * (2+3+2) = 2 * 7 = 14.

Example 2:

Input: nums = [2,3,3,1,2]
Output: 18
Explanation: The maximum min-product is achieved with the subarray [3,3] (minimum value is 3).
3 * (3+3) = 3 * 6 = 18.

Example 3:

Input: nums = [3,1,5,6,4,2]
Output: 60
Explanation: The maximum min-product is achieved with the subarray [5,6,4] (minimum value is 4).
4 * (5+6+4) = 4 * 15 = 60.

 

Constraints:

  • 1 <= nums.length <= 105
  • 1 <= nums[i] <= 107

Solutions

Solution 1: Monotonic Stack + Prefix Sum

We can enumerate each element $nums[i]$ as the minimum value of the subarray, and find the left and right boundaries $left[i]$ and $right[i]$ of the subarray. Where $left[i]$ represents the first position strictly less than $nums[i]$ on the left side of $i$, and $right[i]$ represents the first position less than or equal to $nums[i]$ on the right side of $i$.

To conveniently calculate the sum of the subarray, we can preprocess the prefix sum array $s$, where $s[i]$ represents the sum of the first $i$ elements of $nums$.

Then the minimum product with $nums[i]$ as the minimum value of the subarray is $nums[i] \times (s[right[i]] - s[left[i] + 1])$. We can enumerate each element $nums[i]$, find the minimum product with $nums[i]$ as the minimum value of the subarray, and then take the maximum value.

The time complexity is $O(n)$, and the space complexity is $O(n)$. Where $n$ is the length of the array $nums$.

Python Code
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

class Solution:
    def maxSumMinProduct(self, nums: List[int]) -> int:
        n = len(nums)
        left = [-1] * n
        right = [n] * n
        stk = []
        for i, x in enumerate(nums):
            while stk and nums[stk[-1]] >= x:
                stk.pop()
            if stk:
                left[i] = stk[-1]
            stk.append(i)
        stk = []
        for i in range(n - 1, -1, -1):
            while stk and nums[stk[-1]] > nums[i]:
                stk.pop()
            if stk:
                right[i] = stk[-1]
            stk.append(i)
        s = list(accumulate(nums, initial=0))
        mod = 10**9 + 7
        return max((s[right[i]] - s[left[i] + 1]) * x for i, x in enumerate(nums)) % mod

Java Code
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

class Solution {
    public int maxSumMinProduct(int[] nums) {
        int n = nums.length;
        int[] left = new int[n];
        int[] right = new int[n];
        Arrays.fill(left, -1);
        Arrays.fill(right, n);
        Deque<Integer> stk = new ArrayDeque<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            while (!stk.isEmpty() && nums[stk.peek()] >= nums[i]) {
                stk.pop();
            }
            if (!stk.isEmpty()) {
                left[i] = stk.peek();
            }
            stk.push(i);
        }
        stk.clear();
        for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
            while (!stk.isEmpty() && nums[stk.peek()] > nums[i]) {
                stk.pop();
            }
            if (!stk.isEmpty()) {
                right[i] = stk.peek();
            }
            stk.push(i);
        }
        long[] s = new long[n + 1];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            s[i + 1] = s[i] + nums[i];
        }
        long ans = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            ans = Math.max(ans, nums[i] * (s[right[i]] - s[left[i] + 1]));
        }
        final int mod = (int) 1e9 + 7;
        return (int) (ans % mod);
    }
}

C++ Code
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

class Solution {
public:
    int maxSumMinProduct(vector<int>& nums) {
        int n = nums.size();
        vector<int> left(n, -1);
        vector<int> right(n, n);
        stack<int> stk;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            while (!stk.empty() && nums[stk.top()] >= nums[i]) {
                stk.pop();
            }
            if (!stk.empty()) {
                left[i] = stk.top();
            }
            stk.push(i);
        }
        stk = stack<int>();
        for (int i = n - 1; ~i; --i) {
            while (!stk.empty() && nums[stk.top()] > nums[i]) {
                stk.pop();
            }
            if (!stk.empty()) {
                right[i] = stk.top();
            }
            stk.push(i);
        }
        long long s[n + 1];
        s[0] = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            s[i + 1] = s[i] + nums[i];
        }
        long long ans = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            ans = max(ans, nums[i] * (s[right[i]] - s[left[i] + 1]));
        }
        const int mod = 1e9 + 7;
        return ans % mod;
    }
};

Go Code
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41

func maxSumMinProduct(nums []int) int {
	n := len(nums)
	left := make([]int, n)
	right := make([]int, n)
	for i := range left {
		left[i] = -1
		right[i] = n
	}
	stk := []int{}
	for i, x := range nums {
		for len(stk) > 0 && nums[stk[len(stk)-1]] >= x {
			stk = stk[:len(stk)-1]
		}
		if len(stk) > 0 {
			left[i] = stk[len(stk)-1]
		}
		stk = append(stk, i)
	}
	stk = []int{}
	for i := n - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
		for len(stk) > 0 && nums[stk[len(stk)-1]] > nums[i] {
			stk = stk[:len(stk)-1]
		}
		if len(stk) > 0 {
			right[i] = stk[len(stk)-1]
		}
		stk = append(stk, i)
	}
	s := make([]int, n+1)
	for i, x := range nums {
		s[i+1] = s[i] + x
	}
	ans := 0
	for i, x := range nums {
		if t := x * (s[right[i]] - s[left[i]+1]); ans < t {
			ans = t
		}
	}
	const mod = 1e9 + 7
	return ans % mod
}

TypeScript Code
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38

function maxSumMinProduct(nums: number[]): number {
    const n = nums.length;
    const left: number[] = new Array(n).fill(-1);
    const right: number[] = new Array(n).fill(n);
    let stk: number[] = [];
    for (let i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        while (stk.length && nums[stk[stk.length - 1]] >= nums[i]) {
            stk.pop();
        }
        if (stk.length) {
            left[i] = stk[stk.length - 1];
        }
        stk.push(i);
    }
    stk = [];
    for (let i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
        while (stk.length && nums[stk[stk.length - 1]] > nums[i]) {
            stk.pop();
        }
        if (stk.length) {
            right[i] = stk[stk.length - 1];
        }
        stk.push(i);
    }
    const s: number[] = new Array(n + 1).fill(0);
    for (let i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        s[i + 1] = s[i] + nums[i];
    }
    let ans: bigint = 0n;
    const mod = 10 ** 9 + 7;
    for (let i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        const t = BigInt(nums[i]) * BigInt(s[right[i]] - s[left[i] + 1]);
        if (ans < t) {
            ans = t;
        }
    }
    return Number(ans % BigInt(mod));
}